Nutrition is the key to the performance of livestock, In order to run a successful business, farmers must manage a variety of factors that have a positive impact on development, growth, health, and productivity of livestock. Most aspects of the performance and productivity of livestock is strongly influenced by nutrition. Such as the life cycle of cattle, nutritional needs may change, and the purpose of production also determines the need for animal nutrition. for it must needs be, we know first source / origin of the feed comes from.
Classification of feedstuffs based on source / origin is divided into two, namely:
1. Feed materials of plant origin (vegetable)
Vegetable feed ingredients given to livestock, especially many from grain and processed products are 70% - 75%, 15% - 25% are industrial waste and leftover food livestock forage. Origin feed ingredients grain is mostly a good source of energy because it is derived from plants, the high fiber content ballpark.
Examples:
Corn
Is a good source of energy for the low rough fiber. Xanthophyl source and fatty acids. Fatty acids corn amounted to 1.60% as a source of protein or amino acid is not good enough because it only contains 9-10% crude protein.
Fine Bran
Feed materials of vegetable origin are the most widely used is fine bran. Fine bran nutrient content is as follows: crude protein 1890 Kkal / kg and crude fat 8.3%. Crude fiber content of the bran had 13%. Cattle are usually not able to digest the coarse fiber of more than 4% for crude fiber which is the limiting factor so fine bran could not be overused.
Bran
Has a slightly different nutrient content with coarse bran. Nutritional content of rice bran is the metabolic energy of 1630 MPA / kg. 10.8% crude protein, crude fat and crude fiber 2.9% 4.9%.
Coconut Cake
Coconut cake is a byproduct feedstuffs oil processing, be it oil or another. Is a source of protein feed materials of vegetable origin, containing crude protein 20-26%. Used as a companion material fish meal and corn. The disadvantage: because of the high oil content so easily rancid causing disturbing appetite.
Cassava and processed products
Cassava has the energy content of 2970 k.kal / kg. The use of cassava require further processing by means of dried first. Weakness of cassava contain toxic Hidrocyanik (HCN), heating with sun, boiled or heated to a temperature of 70 - 800C to reduce the influence of HCN.
Forage
Foliage can be used in the formulation of livestock rations maximum of 4% of the total ration. High crude fiber content causes the forage limited use.
2. Feed ingredients of animal origin (animal)
Animal feed materials has become a mixture of livestock rations for a long time.
Example: fish meal, bone meal, shells, animal fats or oils.
Fish Meal
Fish meal is generally found in commercial ration formula (has high economic value to be traded). Generally, there are fish meal in the ration that can produce high yields. Generally good quality fish meal containing crude protein of 60% - 70%.
Bone Meal
Bone meal is used as a source of calcium, especially for livestock that is being / was in its infancy. As a source of calcium and phosphate, bone meal containing phosphorus 12% - 15% and 24% calcium - 30%.
Flour Shells
Flour shells are used as a source of calcium, the levels of Ca, flour shells large enough that 38%.
Industrial Waste Shrimp
Drying with hot steam or the sun of the body that becomes waste will determine the quality of the feed material. Crude protein contains 35-45% and good quality while also containing high mineral.
Classification of feedstuffs based on source / origin is divided into two, namely:
1. Feed materials of plant origin (vegetable)
Vegetable feed ingredients given to livestock, especially many from grain and processed products are 70% - 75%, 15% - 25% are industrial waste and leftover food livestock forage. Origin feed ingredients grain is mostly a good source of energy because it is derived from plants, the high fiber content ballpark.
Examples:
Corn
Is a good source of energy for the low rough fiber. Xanthophyl source and fatty acids. Fatty acids corn amounted to 1.60% as a source of protein or amino acid is not good enough because it only contains 9-10% crude protein.
Fine Bran
Feed materials of vegetable origin are the most widely used is fine bran. Fine bran nutrient content is as follows: crude protein 1890 Kkal / kg and crude fat 8.3%. Crude fiber content of the bran had 13%. Cattle are usually not able to digest the coarse fiber of more than 4% for crude fiber which is the limiting factor so fine bran could not be overused.
Bran
Has a slightly different nutrient content with coarse bran. Nutritional content of rice bran is the metabolic energy of 1630 MPA / kg. 10.8% crude protein, crude fat and crude fiber 2.9% 4.9%.
Coconut Cake
Coconut cake is a byproduct feedstuffs oil processing, be it oil or another. Is a source of protein feed materials of vegetable origin, containing crude protein 20-26%. Used as a companion material fish meal and corn. The disadvantage: because of the high oil content so easily rancid causing disturbing appetite.
Cassava and processed products
Cassava has the energy content of 2970 k.kal / kg. The use of cassava require further processing by means of dried first. Weakness of cassava contain toxic Hidrocyanik (HCN), heating with sun, boiled or heated to a temperature of 70 - 800C to reduce the influence of HCN.
Forage
Foliage can be used in the formulation of livestock rations maximum of 4% of the total ration. High crude fiber content causes the forage limited use.
2. Feed ingredients of animal origin (animal)
Animal feed materials has become a mixture of livestock rations for a long time.
Example: fish meal, bone meal, shells, animal fats or oils.
Fish Meal
Fish meal is generally found in commercial ration formula (has high economic value to be traded). Generally, there are fish meal in the ration that can produce high yields. Generally good quality fish meal containing crude protein of 60% - 70%.
Bone Meal
Bone meal is used as a source of calcium, especially for livestock that is being / was in its infancy. As a source of calcium and phosphate, bone meal containing phosphorus 12% - 15% and 24% calcium - 30%.
Flour Shells
Flour shells are used as a source of calcium, the levels of Ca, flour shells large enough that 38%.
Industrial Waste Shrimp
Drying with hot steam or the sun of the body that becomes waste will determine the quality of the feed material. Crude protein contains 35-45% and good quality while also containing high mineral.
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